Look at your windows
Your home’s windows probably have the most drastic impact on your heating bill, and there are several steps you can take to make them more energy efficient. First, test for air leaks. An easy way to do this is, on a windy day, hold a lit candle next to windows, doors, electrical outlets, or light fixtures. Plugging air leaks with caulking or weather stripping can save 10 percent or more on your energy bill, according to the U.S. Department of Energy. If you have drafts, water condensation, or frost on your windows, tape clear plastic sheeting to the inside of the frames. You can use a heavy-duty, clear plastic sheet or apply clear plastic film. Kits are available in the hardware departments of most retail stores.
If you don’t already have them, consider installing exterior or interior storm windows, which can reduce heat loss through the windows by up to 50 percent, according to the DOE. If you’re shopping for new windows, look at the U-value. The lower this number, the better the window insulates. Windows with a U-value of .35 or below are best for Western Pennsylvania. Also, look for the Energy Star sticker, which means the window meets government efficiency guidelines. Energy Star windows can reduce your heating bills by 30 to 40 percent compared to uncoated, single-pane windows. For more information, check out www.energystar.gov. And remember that new windows must be installed correctly to avoid air leaks around the frame, so look for a reputable, qualified installer.
Other ways to save
Check the insulation in your attic, basement walls, floors and crawlspaces, and add or replace it as needed. “Insulation isn’t especially expensive, and payback is faster than many other things you can do,” says Court Gourd, executive director of Sustainable Pittsburgh, an eco-friendly non-profit promoting “smart growth” development in the region.
Replace old appliances. Today’s refrigerators, dishwashers and air conditioners are much more efficient than those of just a decade ago. If you have an appliance more than 10 years old, consider buying a new one. “They will pay for themselves in a short amount of time,” Gourd says. And while you’re at it, unplug that freezer downstairs. “It seems to be a Pittsburgh tradition to keep an old refrigerator or freezer in the garage or basement, but unless you do an unusual amount of entertaining, you’re better off turning it off.”
Water is one of the easiest of utilities to conserve. First, take an old shampoo bottle, fill it with gravel, and put it in your toilet’s water tank. “You’ll use less water and won’t notice a difference in flushing,” Gourd says. Second, consider a lower volume shower head. The difference will be apparent. And third, if you can force yourself, spend less time in the shower.
Close your curtains and shades at night, and open them during the day.
Consider a home energy audit, like those offered by South Side based-Conservation Consultants Inc. During an audit, a consultant will visit your home and check its energy efficiency, examining heating and cooling systems, windows, ducts, and insulation. Low-income customers may qualify for a free audit. Even if you have to pay, the cost is usually small compared to the resultant long-term savings.
